What is a Ketubah? And Other Answers to Jewish Art Questions

For many new to Judaism, there may be some basic terminology to explain. In order to help you appreciate Judaism , let's examine the symbolism and culture of Jewish art. The motifs in much of Jewish art are heavy with meaning and can help you understand the importance of what it means to be a Jew.

Ketubah: Ketubahs are marriage covenants that show the devotion between a Jewish bride and groom. 2500 years ago, the Sages of the Mishna developed the ketubah in order to ensure a secure and comfortable future for the Jewish wife. Today, ketubahs have also become a medium through which we can celebrate marriage and not just lay out stipulations. Calligraphy, silver and gold-illumination and acid free paper, imitation parchment or even genuine parchment are some of the media used to create this Jewish art. Generally, ketubahs are in Aramaic, but can come with a translation of English as well.

Hebrew Calligraphy: Jewish art manuscripts often include quote from the Bible, Talmud and Midrash, central texts in Judaism. Lettering styles vary from traditional Torah-style to sephardi-style with flourishes; but a good calligrapher will balance readability and flow of the text while being careful not to distort lettering for effect. Many of the borders and designs that accompany the calligraphy are ages old, and yet still convey a modern flavor to contemporary ketubahs.

Chai: In Jewish art it is not uncommon to see the Hebrew letter Chai. It is especially common in jewelry and means 'living'. To make this word the two Hebrew letters Cheit and Yud are attached. Its meaning can be interpreted in a number of different ways. The presence of the living G-d, the focus on life itself, and the Jewish toast, l'chayim (to life) are all brought to mind when we see this symbol.

Star of David: Purported to represent the shape or emblem on King David's shield (Magen david) and appearing in some ancient kabbalistic texts, they weren't commonly used until around the 17th century, when they came to denote Jewish synagogues as places of worship.

Crowns: In Jewish art the crown has great symbolic meaning. Often portrayed with lions, eagles and the Tree of Life, this symbol shows the stature of the Torah above all else. The crown is linked to G-d and His majesty, and in Jewish art, relates how that essence can be found in His dominion.

Now that you better understand these Jewish terms, you can further appreciate the Jewish art in which they appear.


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